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Что (кто) такое Waffen Arsenal - определение
![''Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler'' Division]] advancing into the [[Balkans]], 1941](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-158-0094-35, Balkan, PKW der Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler.jpg?width=200 "''Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler'' Division]] advancing into the [[Balkans]], 1941")
![Cavalrymen of the [[SS Cavalry Brigade]], September 1941](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 101III-Adendorff-002-18A, Russland, SS-Kavallerie-Brigade.jpg?width=200 "Cavalrymen of the [[SS Cavalry Brigade]], September 1941")
![''Handschar'']] Division, the first non-Germanic, multi-ethnic ''Waffen-SS'' division in 1943](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 101III-Mielke-036-23, Waffen-SS, 13. Gebirgs-Div. "Handschar".jpg?width=200 "''Handschar'']] Division, the first non-Germanic, multi-ethnic ''Waffen-SS'' division in 1943")
![Das Reich]]'' division during the [[Battle of Kursk]], July 1943](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 101III-Zschaeckel-207-12, Schlacht um Kursk, Panzer VI (Tiger I).jpg?width=200 "Das Reich]]'' division during the [[Battle of Kursk]], July 1943")
![LSSAH]] on the barracks' grounds with [[Sepp Dietrich]] at the lectern, May 1935](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 119-01-03, Berlin, Parade zum dritten Jahrestag LSSHA crop.jpg?width=200 "LSSAH]] on the barracks' grounds with [[Sepp Dietrich]] at the lectern, May 1935")
![Members of the [[Einsatzgruppen]] murdering Polish civilians in [[Kórnik]] shortly after the outbreak of World War II in Europe](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1968-034-19A, Exekution von polnischen Geiseln.jpg?width=200 "Members of the [[Einsatzgruppen]] murdering Polish civilians in [[Kórnik]] shortly after the outbreak of World War II in Europe")
![Eastern Front]], 1942](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1977-143-15, Russland, Angehörige der Waffen-SS.jpg?width=200 "Eastern Front]], 1942")
![''[[Einsatzgruppen]]'' members at a murder site of Jews in the village of [[Zboriv]], Ukraine, 1941](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 183-A0706-0018-030, Ukraine, ermordete Familie.jpg?width=200 "''[[Einsatzgruppen]]'' members at a murder site of Jews in the village of [[Zboriv]], Ukraine, 1941")
![2004}}](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv Bild 183-J16696, Soldaten der Legion "Freies Indien".jpg?width=200 "2004}}")
![Burned out cars and buildings still litter the remains of the original village in [[Oradour-sur-Glane]], as left by the ''Das Reich'' division.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Car in Oradour-sur-Glane4.jpg?width=200 "Burned out cars and buildings still litter the remains of the original village in [[Oradour-sur-Glane]], as left by the ''Das Reich'' division.")
![Belgian civilians killed by German units during the [[Battle of the Bulge]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DeadBelgiumcivilians1944.jpg?width=200 "Belgian civilians killed by German units during the [[Battle of the Bulge]]")
![Offensive of the Red Army south of Lake Ilmen, 7 January – 21 February 1942, creating the [[Demyansk Pocket]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Demjansk Einkesselung.png?width=200 "Offensive of the Red Army south of Lake Ilmen, 7 January – 21 February 1942, creating the [[Demyansk Pocket]]")
![Members of the traditional group "[[HIAG]] Ostsachsen" at an [[Ulrichsberg gathering]] in 2003](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HIAG-Ulrichsberg.jpg?width=200 "Members of the traditional group \"[[HIAG]] Ostsachsen\" at an [[Ulrichsberg gathering]] in 2003")
![Knittel]]'s troops on the road to [[Stavelot]] to support Peiper](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kampfgruppe Knittel's troops on the road to Stavelot.jpg?width=200 "Knittel]]'s troops on the road to [[Stavelot]] to support Peiper")
![The starting lines of [[Operation Spring]]. ''Waffen-SS'' units identified are the 1st, 9th, 10th, and 12th ''SS'' Divisions and the 101st and 102nd SS Heavy Panzer Battalions.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Operation Spring.png?width=200 "The starting lines of [[Operation Spring]]. ''Waffen-SS'' units identified are the 1st, 9th, 10th, and 12th ''SS'' Divisions and the 101st and 102nd SS Heavy Panzer Battalions.")
![Polish Underground]] showing the bodies of women and children murdered by SS troops during the Warsaw Uprising, August 1944](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Polish civilians murdered by German-SS-troops in Warsaw Uprising Warsaw August 1944.jpg?width=200 "Polish Underground]] showing the bodies of women and children murdered by SS troops during the Warsaw Uprising, August 1944")
![Commemoration of the [[Battle of Tannenberg Line]] in 2009](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sinimäed Memorial 2009 - 150.jpg?width=200 "Commemoration of the [[Battle of Tannenberg Line]] in 2009")
![[[Stefan Baretzki]] (right), a Waffen-SS soldier, participating in a selection at [[Auschwitz concentration camp]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stefan Baretzki at the Judenrampe (Auschwitz Album).jpg?width=200 "[[Stefan Baretzki]] (right), a Waffen-SS soldier, participating in a selection at [[Auschwitz concentration camp]]")
![Original caption from the [[Stroop Report]]: "The leader of the grand operation." ''SS-[[Brigadeführer]]'' [[Jürgen Stroop]] (center) watches housing blocks burn.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stroop Report - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 03.jpg?width=200 "Original caption from the [[Stroop Report]]: \"The leader of the grand operation.\" ''SS-[[Brigadeführer]]'' [[Jürgen Stroop]] (center) watches housing blocks burn.")
![Warsaw Ghetto uprising]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stroop Report - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising BW.jpg?width=200 "Warsaw Ghetto uprising]]")
![was destroyed]] and nearly 200,000 civilians killed.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Warsaw Old Town 1945.jpg?width=200 "was destroyed]] and nearly 200,000 civilians killed.")
![double]] in 1971), pictured in 1972](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alan Ball and Bertie Mee.png?width=200 "double]] in 1971), pictured in 1972")
![Royal Arsenal squad in 1888. Original captain [[David Danskin]] sits on the right of the bench.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arsenal 1888 squad photo.jpg?width=200 "Royal Arsenal squad in 1888. Original captain [[David Danskin]] sits on the right of the bench.")
.jpg?width=200 "Arsenal supporters")
![[[Arsène Wenger]], the club's most successful manager, managed Arsenal from 1996 to 2018.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arsene-Wenger.jpg?width=200 "[[Arsène Wenger]], the club's most successful manager, managed Arsenal from 1996 to 2018.")
![A bronze bust of [[Herbert Chapman]] stands inside the [[Emirates Stadium]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Herbert Chapman bust 20050922.jpg?width=200 "A bronze bust of [[Herbert Chapman]] stands inside the [[Emirates Stadium]].")
![Arsenal playing against rivals Tottenham, in a game known as the [[North London derby]], in November 2010](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Laurent Koscielny clashes with Heurelho Gomes.jpg?width=200 "Arsenal playing against rivals Tottenham, in a game known as the [[North London derby]], in November 2010")
![Manor Ground]], Woolwich Arsenal vs. [[Everton F.C.]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Manor Ground, Woolwich Arsenal vs. Everton.jpg?width=200 "Manor Ground]], Woolwich Arsenal vs. [[Everton F.C.]]")
![[[Thierry Henry]] is Arsenal's record goalscorer, with 228 goals in all competitions.<ref name="henry" />](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thierry Henry applauding 2012.jpg?width=200 "[[Thierry Henry]] is Arsenal's record goalscorer, with 228 goals in all competitions.<ref name=\"henry\" />")
![[[Tony Adams]] statue outside the [[Emirates Stadium]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tony Adams Statue.jpg?width=200 "[[Tony Adams]] statue outside the [[Emirates Stadium]]")
!['Monogram' badge used in the [[1930 FA Cup Final]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arsenal Crest 1930.svg?width=200 "'Monogram' badge used in the [[1930 FA Cup Final]]")
.svg?width=200 "Crest from 1949 to 2002")
The Arsenal Football Club, commonly referred to as Arsenal, is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England. Arsenal plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 league titles (including one unbeaten title), a record 14 FA Cups, two League Cups, 16 FA Community Shields, one European Cup Winners' Cup, and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. In terms of trophies won, it is the third-most successful club in English football.
Arsenal was the first club from the South of England to join the Football League in 1893, and they reached the First Division in 1904. Relegated only once, in 1913, they continue the longest streak in the top division, and have won the second-most top-flight matches in English football history. In the 1930s, Arsenal won five League Championships and two FA Cups, and another FA Cup and two Championships after the war. In 1970–71, they won their first League and FA Cup Double. Between 1989 and 2005, they won five League titles and five FA Cups, including two more Doubles. They completed the 20th century with the highest average league position. Between 1998 and 2017, Arsenal qualified for the UEFA Champions League for 19 straight seasons.
Herbert Chapman, who changed the fortunes of Arsenal forever, won the club its first silverware, and his legacy led the club to dominate the 1930s decade; Chapman, however, died of pneumonia in 1934, aged 55. He helped introduce the WM formation, floodlights, and shirt numbers; he also added the white sleeves and brighter red to the club's jersey. Arsène Wenger is the longest-serving manager and won the most trophies. He won a record seven FA Cups, and his title-winning team set an English record for the longest top-flight unbeaten league run at 49 games between 2003 and 2004, receiving the nickname The Invincibles.
In 1886, munitions workers at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich founded the club as Dial Square. In 1913, after the destruction of their South London stadium by suffragettes, the club crossed the city to Arsenal Stadium in Highbury, becoming close neighbours of Tottenham Hotspur, and creating the North London derby. In 2006, they moved to the nearby Emirates Stadium. With an annual revenue of £340.3m in the 2019–20 season, Arsenal was estimated to be worth US$2.68 billion by Forbes, making it the world's eighth most valuable club, while it is one of the most followed on social media. The motto of the club has long been Victoria Concordia Crescit, Latin for "Victory Through Harmony".
![Great Kantō earthquake]] in 1923.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Destruction of the Tokyo Arsenal in 1923.jpg?width=200 "Great Kantō earthquake]] in 1923.")
Википедия
The Waffen-SS (German: [ˈvafn̩ʔɛsˌʔɛs], "Armed SS") was the combat branch of the Nazi Party's Schutzstaffel (SS) organisation. Its formations included men from Nazi Germany, along with volunteers and conscripts from both occupied and unoccupied lands.
The Waffen-SS grew from three regiments to over 38 divisions during World War II, and served alongside the German Army (Heer), Ordnungspolizei (Order Police), and other security units. Originally, it was under the control of the SS Führungshauptamt (SS operational command office) beneath Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler, the head of the SS. With the start of World War II, tactical control was exercised by the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW, "High Command of the Armed Forces"), with some units being subordinated to the Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS (Command Staff Reichsführer-SS) directly under Himmler's control.
Initially, in keeping with the racial policy of Nazi Germany, membership was open only to people of Germanic origin (so-called "Aryan ancestry"). The rules were partially relaxed in 1940, and after the Operation Barbarossa invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, Nazi propaganda claimed that the war was a "European crusade against Bolshevism" and subsequently units consisting largely or solely of foreign volunteers and conscripts were also raised. These Waffen-SS units were made up of men mainly from among the nationals of Nazi-occupied Europe. Despite relaxation of the rules, the Waffen-SS was still based on the racist ideology of Nazism, and ethnic Poles (who were viewed as subhumans) were specifically barred from the formations.
Members of the Waffen-SS were involved in numerous atrocities. At the post-war Nuremberg trials, the Waffen-SS was judged to be a criminal organisation due to its connection to the Nazi Party and direct involvement in numerous war crimes and crimes against humanity. Former Waffen-SS members, with the exception of conscripts, who comprised about one third of the membership, were denied many of the rights afforded to military veterans.
